Geometry and sostenibility

Geometry is not only used to measure, build, or classify shapes; it can also help us design a more efficient and sustainable world. When we analyze the use of space, materials, and energy from a geometric perspective, we realize that shapes matter… a lot! Why is something designed one way and not another? The shapes of things have a reason, and children should learn to reflect on this. Approaching geometry with a sustainable mindset allows students to understand that math is not just in textbooks: it is also present in the everyday decisions that impact the environment.

One of the key principles of sustainable design is optimizing resources, and geometry plays a fundamental role here. A clear example is Tetra Paks, whose rectangular design allows them to be stacked efficiently, without leaving empty spaces, thus reducing volume during transportation and the use of plastic. In other fields, such as architecture or carpentry, the use of geometric patterns allows better use of materials like wood or fabric, decreasing waste. In sustainable construction, geometric shapes and building orientations are also used to better capture sunlight and reduce the need for electricity or heating.

Figure 1: design of tetrabricks

 

Figure 2: different shapes in tetrabricks

In urban contexts, geometry allows spaces to be organised more intelligently. Designing parks, furniture, or classrooms with modular and efficient shapes can make better use of the available space, facilitate movement and accessibility, and reduce material consumption.

Figure 3: organisation of city

Check out these infographics that talk about the connection between geometry and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):

Sustainable cities through geometry

Zero Hunger
In the classroom, we can propose activities that link the SDGs to geometry. For example, in the case of SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), students can analyze everyday packaging and design their own ecological version, evaluating which geometric shape offers the highest efficiency and least environmental impact. Or, in the case of SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), students can design an interior or exterior space that is sustainable and optimized from a geometric standpoint. In this way, students will reflect on the importance of geometric shapes in each case in which they are used and will be able to integrate it into their work with their own reasoning. This way, students not only apply mathematical concepts but also develop critical awareness of the impact of shapes in the real world and the responsible use of resources.